You have a product. You need to sell it. But for how much?
It’s one of the 4 Ps of Marketing: Product, Promotion, Place and Price. Within price setting, there are countless variables. A comprehensive understanding of your company’s objectives, costs and available pricing strategies will help you set competitive prices across your entire product suite.
Here are the 10 most popular pricing strategies.
1. No pricing strategy. Sadly, this is one of the most common pricing strategies. Many retailers just wing it.
2. Cost Plus or Absorption Pricing. The simplest of all pricing strategies. Add the cost of production to a percentage markup and you get your price. This is the easiest pricing strategy to use, and can be used in tandem with other pricing strategies.
3. Competition Based Pricing. Conducting a thorough pricing analysis on the entire competitive landscape of each product in the product line and making sure you are within reach of your competitors is difficult, time-consuming and often requires a dedicated research team. Unless you employ price management software to make that job simple and easy.
4. Freemium. It’s more than a business model; it’s also a pricing strategy. Offering a free product, and tacking on a set of ‘pay to upgrade’ features to that freebie and you have a Freemium Strategy.
5. Dynamic Pricing. Fancy, and used almost exclusively as an online pricing strategy, Dynamic Pricing takes into consideration multiple data points in setting a consumer’s individual price and sets the price automatically and dynamically online. Have you ever bought an airline ticket? The airline industry has had this pricing strategy nailed for years, considering factors such as flight demand, your purchase history, and the geographical location of your internet address.
6. Skimming. Is your product something people have been waiting anxiously for? You could consider setting your price sky high at product launch. This pricing strategy is named ‘skimming the market’ by seeking less sales with a higher profit. The price can‘t maintain forever, but could be a valuable revenue increasing strategy for hot new merchandise. This pricing strategy if often used on technology products. Think about how the price drops on technology products as time goes by.
7. Loss Leading (or High-Low) Pricing. Have you ever thought about losing money on a product? It might sound crazy, but it is a common revenue generating price strategy. The end goal is to draw customers in with a high demand product at the low price. Retailers will often encourage customers to buy more at checkout/point of sale, thus increasing the units per transaction and making up some lost margin. The loss leader product is generally set at an intentionally low price, or priced normally with an aggressive discount or sale. Grocery stores are masters of this pricing strategy.
8. Penetration Pricing. Is your product new to the market or new to your company? You might try another low ball price strategy called Penetration Pricing. By setting the price drastically lower than your competitors, you are likely to woo over customers quickly and gain a share of the marketplace. Just like skimming, that price can’t go on forever. Once you’ve reached a predetermined market share goal, you would likely switch pricing strategies to keep the momentum and generate more revenue. Proceed with caution though, as you risk alienating the customer base you have worked so hard to gain!
9. Psychological Pricing. Probably the 2nd most commonly used pricing strategy. Yesterday the product was listed for $10.00. Today it was dropped to $9.99. The difference? 1 cent. The gain? Likely a sale.
10. Premium Pricing. A a consumer, you’re standing in front of the shelves and you’re given the choice of Products A, B and C at prices all relatively the same. Then there is product D. Product D is priced a wee bit higher. Have you ever thought, “Well, this one MUST be better,” grabbing Product D off the shelf? The retailer could be employing a Premium Pricing Strategy where they’re hoping you equate the higher price with the idea that it is a better product.
Not all pricing strategies are viable choices for each company (or even each product). The first step in auditing your pricing is to gather your costs and complete a detailed competitive analysis on each product. These two pieces will help identify which pricing strategies to use successfully.
Request a demo of the BlackLocus Pricing Engine for eTailers to see how you can quickly and easily understand your comprehensive competitive landscape and make educated pricing strategy decisions.